Mammograms: How Often Are They Necessary and What to Expect?

One of the most effective tools for early detection is a mammogram, which can identify breast cancer before it presents symptoms. As an obstetrician and gynecologist, I cannot stress enough the importance of regular screenings to safeguard your health. But how often are mammograms necessary, and what should you expect during your first screening?

When to Start Mammograms: A Yearly Routine After 40

According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), women should begin annual mammograms at the age of 40. While there are differing guidelines from other organizations, such as the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), which recommends starting at age 50, ACOG strongly encourages yearly mammograms from age 40 onwards due to the significant benefits of early detection. The rationale behind yearly screenings is that the earlier breast cancer is detected, the more treatment options are available, leading to better outcomes.

For women with a higher risk of breast cancer (due to family history, genetic factors, or other risk factors), screenings may need to begin earlier than 40. Your OB-GYN can help you determine if you fall into this category and guide you through personalized screening recommendations.

What Happens During a Mammogram?

A mammogram is a low-dose X-ray that provides an image of the breast, allowing radiologists to look for abnormal changes, such as masses or calcifications. Here’s what you can expect during the procedure:

Preparation: You’ll be asked to remove any clothing above the waist and will wear a gown that opens in the front. It’s also best to avoid applying deodorants, perfumes, or lotions on the day of your mammogram, as these can interfere with the imaging.
The Screening: Each breast will be placed between two plates, and gentle pressure will be applied to spread out the breast tissue. While the compression can feel uncomfortable, it is necessary to get a clear image that lasts only a few seconds. The X-ray is then taken, capturing images from different angles. The whole process typically takes less than 20 minutes.
After the Exam: Once the images are captured, they will be reviewed by a radiologist. Most women will have normal results, but if any abnormalities are detected, you may be called back for additional tests such as diagnostic mammography, ultrasound, or biopsy.

When is an Ultrasound Necessary?

In some cases, your OB-GYN or radiologist may recommend a breast ultrasound, either as a follow-up to your mammogram or as an initial imaging test. While a mammogram is highly effective, an ultrasound may be recommended for younger women with denser breast tissue, or if the mammogram reveals something that needs further investigation.

An ultrasound can help:

Distinguish between solid masses and fluid-filled cysts.
Evaluate areas that appear abnormal on a mammogram.
Provide additional imaging in women with dense breast tissue, where mammograms may not be as clear.

The ultrasound uses sound waves to create a detailed image of the breast tissue and is completely painless. No radiation is involved in this test, making it a safe and valuable complement to mammography.

Diagnostic Mammograms and Other Follow-Up Tests

If your routine screening mammogram detects an abnormality, your provider may order a diagnostic mammogram. This is a more detailed version of the standard mammogram, often involving extra images to provide a clearer view of the suspicious area. It helps radiologists determine if the abnormality is something to be concerned about or if it’s benign (non-cancerous).

The Importance of Self-Breast Exams and Clinical Breast Exams

In addition to yearly mammograms after age 40, performing monthly self-breast exams and getting clinical breast exams during your OB-GYN visits are essential components of breast health. While mammograms are the gold standard for detecting abnormalities, self-awareness of any changes in your breasts can alert you to potential issues that need prompt attention.

Conclusion: Prioritizing Your Breast Health

Your health is in your hands, and regular mammograms are crucial to maintaining breast health. At Complete Healthcare for Women, we strongly support starting annual screenings at age 40 to ensure early detection of breast cancer. Mammograms and ultrasounds, when necessary, can save lives by detecting changes in the breast long before they are noticeable or symptomatic.

Don’t wait—schedule your annual mammogram today. If you have any questions or need guidance on when to start screening, feel free to contact Dr. Lorenzo and Kortney Jones, ARNP, at Complete Healthcare for Women in Richland, WA. We are here to provide you with the best care and ensure your long-term health.

Complete Healthcare for Women – Obstetrics and Gynecology
509-392-6700
Richard Lorenzo, D.O.
Kortney Jones ARNP

Author

Kortney Jones, ARNP Kortney Jones is board-certified by the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. She provides OB/GYN services, including birth control, pregnancy and prenatal care, and infertility, as well as gynecological services, such as women’s health and wellness, abnormal uterine bleeding, weight loss, pellet hormone therapy, and menopause.